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Picasso's African Period, which lasted from 1906 to 1909, was the period when Pablo Picasso painted in a style which was strongly influenced by African sculpture and particularly traditional African masks. This proto-Cubist period following Picasso's Blue Period and Rose Period has also been called the Negro Period,〔Howells 2003, p. 66.〕 or Black Period.〔(Christopher Green, 2009, Cubism, MoMA, Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press )〕 == Context and period == In the early 20th century, African artworks were being brought back to Paris museums in consequence of the expansion of the French empire into Sub-Saharan Africa. The press was abuzz with exaggerated stories of cannibalism and exotic tales about the African kingdom of Dahomey. The mistreatment of Africans in the Belgian Congo was exposed in Joseph Conrad's popular book ''Heart of Darkness''. It was natural in this climate of African interest that Picasso would look towards African artworks as inspiration for some of his work; his interest was sparked by Henri Matisse who showed him a mask from the Dan people of Africa.〔Matisse may have purchased this piece from Emile Heymenn's shop of non-western artworks in Paris, see (PabloPicasso.org ).〕 In May or June 1907, Picasso experienced a "revelation" while viewing African art at the ethnographic museum at Palais du Trocadéro.〔Picasso, Rubin, and Fluegel 1980, p. 87.〕 Picasso's discovery of African art influenced the style of his painting ''Les Demoiselles d'Avignon'' (begun in May 1907 and reworked in July of that year), especially in the treatment of the two figures on the right side of the composition. Although ''Les Demoiselles'' is seen as a proto-cubist work, Picasso continued to develop a style derived from African art before beginning the analytic cubism phase of his painting in 1910. Other works of Picasso's African Period include the ''Bust of a Woman'' (1907, in the National Gallery, Prague); ''Mother and Child'' (Summer 1907, in the Musée Picasso, Paris); ''Nude with Raised Arms'' (1907, in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain); and ''Three Women'' (Summer 1908, in the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg). File:Pablo Picasso, 1907, Nu aux bras levés (Nude).jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1907, ''Nu aux bras levés (Nude)'' File:Pablo Picasso, 1907, Head of a Sleeping Woman (Study for Nude with Drapery), oil on canvas, 61.4 x 47.6 cm, The Museum of Modern Art, New York.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1907, ''Head of a Sleeping Woman (Study for Nude with Drapery)'', oil on canvas, 61.4 x 47.6 cm, The Museum of Modern Art, New York File:Pablo Picasso, 1907-08, Vase of Flowers, oil on canvas, 92.1 x 73 cm, Museum of Modern Art.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1907-08, ''Vase of Flowers'', oil on canvas, 92.1 x 73 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York File:Pablo Picasso, 1908, Bols et flacons (Pitcher and Bowls), oil on canvas, 66 x 50.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1908, ''Bols et flacons (Pitcher and Bowls)'', oil on canvas, 66 x 50.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia File:Pablo Picasso, 1908, Dryad, oil on canvas, 185 x 108 cm, The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1908, ''Dryad'', oil on canvas, 185 x 108 cm, The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg File:Pablo Picasso, 1908, Trois femmes (Three Women), oil on canvas, 200 x 185 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1908, ''Trois femmes (Three Women)'', oil on canvas, 200 x 185 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg File:Pablo Picasso, 1908, Seated Woman, oil on canvas, 150 x 99 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1908, ''Seated Woman'' (''Meditation''), oil on canvas, 150 x 99 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg File:Pablo Picasso, 1908, Paysage aux deux figures (Landscape with Two Figures), oil on canvas, 60 x 73 cm, Musée Picasso, Paris.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1908, ''Paysage aux deux figures (Landscape with Two Figures)'', oil on canvas, 60 x 73 cm, Musée Picasso, Paris File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Nature morte à la brioche.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Nature morte à la brioche'' File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Brick Factory at Tortosa, oil on canvas, 50.7 x 60.2 cm, The State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Brick Factory at Tortosa (L'Usine, Horta de Ebro)'', oil on canvas, 50.7 x 60.2 cm, The State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Maisons à Horta (Houses on the Hill, Horta de Ebro), oil on canvas, 65 x 81 cm, private collection.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Maisons à Horta (Houses on the Hill, Horta de Ebro)'', oil on canvas, 65 x 81 cm, private collection File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Harlequin (L'arlequin).jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Harlequin (L'Arlequin)'' File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Buste de femme, Femme en vert, Femme assise, oil on canvas, 100.3 x 81.3 cm, Van Abbemuseum, Netherlands.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Buste de femme (Femme en vert, Femme assise)'', oil on canvas, 100.3 x 81.3 cm, Van Abbemuseum, Netherlands. This painting from the collection of Wilhelm Uhde was confiscated by the French state and sold at the Hôtel Drouot in 1921 File:Pablo Picasso, 1909, Head of a Woman (Tête de femme), oil on canvas, 60.3 x 51.1 cm, The Art Institute of Chicago.jpg|Pablo Picasso, 1909, ''Head of a Woman (Tête de femme)'', oil on canvas, 60.3 x 51.1 cm, The Art Institute of Chicago 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Picasso's African Period」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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